Brood indicators are an early warning signal of honey bee colony loss—a simulation-based study

HIGHLIGHTS

  • What: The authors discuss how the findings can nevertheless be used to develop practical early warning indicators. The authors therefore aimed to use the established honey bee simulation model BEEHAVE to assess the performance of a core of individual and colony traits as potential early warning signals of colony loss. The authors show the mean of 100 individual runs, accompanied by 90% confidence intervals shown as envelopes. In the appendix, the authors show the 100 individual time series for each 100 replicates for the number of pupae (S1 Fig in S1 Appendix).
  • Who: Jürgen . . .

     

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