HIGHLIGHTS
SUMMARY
The authors found that Black SSP participants were significantly more likely to report law enforcement officers doubting the ownership of their SSP participant card compared to all other participants. Regular, negative experiences with law enforcement have contributed to doubts among some SSP participants that the law or the SSP participant cards offer them meaningful protection from arrest and incarceration, regardless of whether that incarceration results in criminal prosecution for possession of paraphernalia. The finding that Black SSP participants are significantly more likely to report law enforcement doubting the ownership of their SSP cards parallels . . .
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