HIGHLIGHTS
SUMMARY
Described as a solely microvascular disease, diabetic retinopathy (DR) is now a well-known pathological condition in which vascular alterations are closely related to neuronal degeneration and mitochondrial damage of retinal cells induced by chronic inflammation. Indeed, its dysregulation has been reported in preclinical and clinical studies, evidencing decreased BDNF levels in a rat 2 of 15 model of early retinal neuropathy induced by diabetes as well as in serum and aqueous humor of diabetic patients before DR clinical signs. This study firstly aims to investigate the effects of exogenous BHB (25-50-100 . . .
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