Carbon removal using coastal blue carbon ecosystems is uncertain and unreliable, with questionable climatic cost-effectiveness

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SUMMARY

    By restoring natural hydrodynamics to increase freshwater flows, tidal exchanges and sediment supply; by reducing pollution, particularly by nutrients; and by reinstating natural predatory control of bioturbators (Kroeger et_al, 2017; Macreadie et_al, 2017a). This action involves planting seagrass or mangrove seedlings in subtidal or intertidal sediments; many such initiatives have already been carried out (van Katwijk et_al, 2016; López-Portillo et_al, 2017). The many services provided by coastal blue carbon ecosystems (hereafter CBCEs) include contributions to climate mitigation and adaptation (McLeod et_al, 2011; Alongi, 2018; Bindoff et_al, 2019; Windham-Myers et_al, 2019), thereby . . .

     

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