HIGHLIGHTS
SUMMARY
Mitochondria are semi-autonomous organelles that utilize glucose and fatty_acids through oxidative_phosphorylation to generate energy (in the form of ATP) for eukaryotic cells. Vol.: Although several genes encoded by the mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) regulate different steps in oxidative_phosphorylation and cellular metabolic regulation (~ 1% of mitochondrial genes), mitochondrial biogenesis is also dependent on 1000-1200 nuclear (nDNA) encoded proteins localized to the mitochondria. Several worm strains with knockdown of genes encoding mitochondrial proteins exhibit a mild decrease in mitochondrial respiration and extended lifespan. Being a facultative anaerobe (producing energy primarily from fermentation), S. cerevisiae can . . .
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