I. i the covid-19 pandemic has driven businesses, sports activities, and schools worldwide to transition to internet platforms affecting over 1.2 billion youngsters in 186 countries. as a result, education has undergone significant transformations wherein schools were forced to engage in learning using e-learning, or online learning, in which instruction is done remotely and via digital platforms [1]. online learning uses information and communication technology (ict) to create educational resources, deliver teaching, and manage a program [2]. however, some studies in us public schools suggest that only 60% of students engaged in online learning from 2019 to 2020. one of the perceived causes of the problem was the failure of instructional leaders to recognize the significant role of education supervisors in providing meaningful and engaging pedagogical practices. according to hrastinski (2008), educators, companies, and institutions must have a thorough awareness of the benefits and drawbacks of online learning for it to be effective and efficient [3]