A lumped parameter model to evaluate the relevance of excess air as a tracer of exchanged flows between transmissive and capacitive compartments of karst systems

HIGHLIGHTS

SUMMARY

Historically, noble gases have been used as environmental tracers for a variety of purposes, such as reconstructing paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatic conditions or identifying recharge zones (Heaton and Vogel, 1981; Wilson and McNeill, 1997; Aeschbach-Hertig et_al, 2000; Peeters et_al, 2002; Ingram et_al, 2007; Sano et_al, 2017; Tomonaga et_al, 2017; Popp et_al, 2021; Schilling et_al, 2022). Excess air can be considered as a tracer that can provide additional useful information on the type of recharge, that is, saturated or unsaturated and the amplitude of groundwater level fluctuations (Clark et_al, 2005; Massmann and Sültenfuß, 2008 . . .

 



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