SUMMARY
Chronic renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) activation promotes and perpetuates the congestive heart failure (CHF) syndrome. Chihuahuas and sexually intact females showed the highest values of urinary aldosterone-to-creatinine ratio (UAldo:C) among breed and sex categories respectively. A rise in aldosterone levels have been reported to occur during the luteal phase of menstrual cycle in women and progesterone has been found to be a high affinity antagonist for human mineralocorticoid receptors (MR), preventing aldosterone interaction. The increase in serum and urinary aldosterone levels likely occurs because of MRs occupation and compensatory activation of RAAS. Progesterone . . .
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