HIGHLIGHTS
SUMMARY
By contrast, truly adaptive convergence should occur almost exclusively in nonsynonymous substitutions (amino_acid-changing substitutions), as positive selection on synonymous substitutions is negligible, or at least not prevalent (Yang, 2006) (Fig S1B). Insects that feed on milkweed (Apocynaceae) harbor amino_acid substitutions in a sodium pump subunit (ATPalpha1) that confer cardiac glycoside resistance (Dobler et_al, 2012; Yang et_al, 2019a; Zhen et_al, 2012) (Fig S4A). Specialized digestive physiology of herbivorous mammals and carnivorous plants led to the molecular convergence of digestive enzymes (Fukushima et_al, 2017; Stewart et_al, 1987; Zhang, 2006; Zhang and Kumar, 1997) (Fig S4C . . .
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