Disease-specific alterations in central fear network engagement during acquisition and extinction of conditioned interoceptive fear in inflammatory bowel disease

HIGHLIGHTS

• What: The authors focused analyses on comparing groups with respect to differential neural activation within regions of the extended fear network induced by conditioned stimuli (CS+) paired with painful rectal distensions as clinically relevant interoceptive unconditioned stimuli (US) versus CS that remained unpaired (CS-). In this first report on its implementation in two patient cohorts and healthy controls, the authors focus on conditioned interoceptive fear of visceral pain as US, applied using pressure-controlled rectal balloon distensions (delivered with a barostat system, modified ISOBAR 3 device, G and amp; J Electronics, Toronto, ON, Canada).
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