HIGHLIGHTS
SUMMARY
In cases where the wild ancestor of a species is extinct, such as the horse, the introduction of an ecologically functional substitute may mitigate current biodiversity declines and restructure plant communities and insect diversity (Garrido et_al 2019, 2021). Butterflies and bumblebees are key functional_groups with different co-evolutionary relationships with plants (Alanen et_al 2011). Grasshoppers are another well-studied functional_group in relation to presence of large herbivores (van Klink et_al 2020, 2015; Nickell et_al 2018). To butterflies and bumblebees, many grasshoppers and bush crickets (hereafter referred to as ‘grasshoppers`) are herbivorous species associated with . . .
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