Evaluation of intrapulmonary arteriovenous anastomoses before and after oxygen supplementation, using transthoracic agitated saline contrast echocardiography in rescued korean raccoon dogs

HIGHLIGHTS

• What: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of IPAVA in healthy raccoon dogs at rest and evaluate the changes in IPAVA following supplementation with 100% oxygen. The IPAVA study involving rats used microspheres from living subjects and isolated lungs, similar to previous studies involving dogs; however, this study attempted to confirm the induction of IPAVA via hypoxia rather than exercise . Although bubble studies were conducted to determine the presence of assess QIPAVA and perform a qualitative analysis, microspheres or 99mTC-MAA would have been suitable for the quantitative assessment and determination of the extent of shunting . . .
  

   

  

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