Habitual coffee consumption and cognitive function: a mendelian randomization meta-analysis in up to 415,530 participants

HIGHLIGHTS

• who: from the Statistical analysesThree primary association analyses were performed, including (1) the phenotypic associations between the habitual coffee intake patterns and global cognition and memory function, (2) genetic associations between the genetic score indexing higher coffee intakes and global and memory cognition, and (3) instrument validation assessing the association between the genetic instruments and coffee intake patterns. For the genetic associations, since the coffee-cognition relationship may vary by intake level, we performed the association analyses under different levels of habitual coffee intake (1, and ≥, cups/day). As a negative control, we also examined the genetic . . .
  

   

  

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