I. i coastal areas have a very important roles for human life by providing various ecosystem services of environmental, socio-economic, and cultural values. coastal areas serve for recreational activities, transportation facilities, military training sites, waste disposal, industrial and manufacturing zones, and habitat for wildlife. the attractiveness of coastal regions has led to a significant population growth, and it is expected to continue in the future, particularly in developing countries [1]. in fact, about 60% of the world’s major cities

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• who: -Web et al. from the communities in dealing with the pressures of global changeFurthermore, the results must apply to coastal planning and must be able to present state-of-the-art trends on time [17]. Consequently, the purpose of this research is to identify gaps and future research opportunities related to coastal vulnerability because it can provide future direction on sustainability themes, is novel and is not monotonous. The scientific literature on coastal vulnerability studies is extensive and can be viewed from a variety of perspectives. To conduct the current study, it is necessary to understand . . .
  

   

  

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