HIGHLIGHTS
- who: Literature from the is through criterion-concurrent validity, which requires that a measure be compared to a reference standard The reference standard for range of motion is widely acknowledged to be radiographic measurements11, , , . However, this approach is relatively time-consuming and expensive, and exposes the patients to radiation11. As a consequence, some noninvasive low-cost methods that are easy to apply and interpret, such as goniometry16, tape measures12, , , and inclinometry, have been used. These measurements are frequently used when assessing spinal mobility in patients with AS, together with cervical rotation, tragus-to-wall distance, lateral lumbar . . .
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