HIGHLIGHTS
SUMMARY
Although LIBs recycling is strongly encouraged by several policies, policies concerning extended producer responsibility represent a particularly important driver for EoL LIBs material, flowing towards scenarios more reliant on recycling strategies. Presently, LIBs` recycling at full-scale relies on pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical processes allow for recovering the most valuable battery components, e_g, the metals present in the electrodes, which could potentially replace primary raw materials in the manufacture of electric vehicles. Specifically, each year, the current state of LIBs recycling infrastructure is expected to generate about 12.4 kt of low value metals scraps . . .
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