Non-pharmacological treatment-related changes of molecular biomarkers in major depressive disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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SUMMARY

    Associated with elevated treatment resistance and recurrence rates, MDD has been linked to poorer quality of life, comorbidity with chronic medical diseases, increased medical costs, as well as a heightened risk of suicide (Dong et_al, 2019; Gold et_al, 2020; Johnston et_al, 2019). First-line standard of care includes pharmacotherapy and/or non-pharmacological treatment (NPT), especially cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) or interpersonal therapy (IPT) (Guidi and amp; Fava, 2021; Kennedy et_al, 2016; Parikh et_al, 2016; Park and amp; Zarate, 2019). Second-line treatment involves switching or augmentation of these interventions based on initial patient . . .

     

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