Potassium permanganate elicits a shift of the external fish microbiome and increases host susceptibility to columnaris disease

HIGHLIGHTS

• who: Haitham H. Mohammed from the Channel catfish fingerlings (n=199, average weight ± SD was , ± , g and average length ± SD was, ., ±, ., cm) were purchased from Osage Catfisheries Inc. (Osage Beach, MO, USA) (the fish were inspected by University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff Fish Diseases Laboratory and found to be free of pathogens, Case ID#:PB11-233) and express shipped to the E. W. Shell Fisheries Center (EWSFC) at North Auburn Fisheries Experiment Station, Auburn, AL, USA. Fish were kept in a , gallons plastic tank supplied with dechlorinated city water for , weeks prior to the experiment. Fish . . .
  

   

  

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