HIGHLIGHTS
SUMMARY
Most HIV-1 viruses use the CCR5 coreceptor at the infection-initiation stage; these viruses are referred to as R5-tropic viruses. Earlier studies of HIV-1C infection have shown a predominance of R5-tropic viruses, regardless of disease stage, suggesting that envelope characteristics may limit the emer- Accepted: 26 January 2023 Published: 31 January 2023 2 of 12 gence of X4-tropic viruses. Other studies have identified dual-tropic viruses but no pure HIV-1C X4-tropic viruses. Among 24 treatment-experienced people living with HIV (PLWH) in Botswana in 2014, 33% had . . .
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