HIGHLIGHTS
- What: The authors adopt the definition of LCSs using the FTLE fields, which characterize the rate of stretching between two neighbouring fluid particles over a finite time interval (Haller and amp; Yuan 2000; Shadden, Lekien and amp; Marsden 2005). In this study, the focus is on analysing the backward-time FTLE only, the ridges of which are identified as candidates for attracting LCSs. When the velocity field is pre-computed or accessible analytically, the cost of this approach for FTLE computation only (without solving the Navier-Stokes equations) can be compared to that of the standard particle . . .

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