HIGHLIGHTS
SUMMARY
In some countries such as the United_States of America, STEM or even STEAM, i.e., science, technology, engineering, arts, and math, is already being discussed as an integrated subject (e_g, ). Such hurdles make interdisciplinary science teaching complicated and lead in part to out-of-field teaching (e_g, ). Since German pre-service teachers usually study two subjects, this type of teacher education has to result in at least partly out-of-field teaching (e_g, ). In sum, research regarding primary education revealed possible occasions of changes in self-efficacy beliefs of interdisciplinary science teaching (e_g, ). Besides . . .
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