HIGHLIGHTS
SUMMARY
There is no cure at present for core ASD symptoms of social deficits and stereotyped behaviors. Heritability has been indicated in family studies investigating unaffected relatives` genetic liability to ASD-related social characteristics, such as language irregularities, aloofness, rigidity, hypersensitivity to criticism, and reduced number and quality of friendships. Animal models help dissect the specific roles of genetic and environmental factors in ASD pathogenesis, untangle the relationships between social behavior and altered genes, genetic expression, or brain anatomy and function, as well as provide a means to test effects of pharmacotherapy. While they remain . . .

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