Surgical technique for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma with inferior vena cava tumor thrombus: tips, tricks and oncological results

HIGHLIGHTS

• who: Vital Hevia from the Radical surgery is the mainstay of treatment for patients with RCCIVCTAnd adequate preoperative imaging is essential. Surgical maneuvers and techniques derived from liver transplantation provide excellent exposure and control of the IVC, avoiding the use of CPB in many cases. Level of the thrombus seems to be a survival independent predictor. Successful surgery may provide acceptable long-term survival rates and better quality of life. New targeted therapies may play a promising role as adjuvant therapy. Authors' contributions Protocol/project development: VH, GC. Data collection and management: VH, GC. Data analysis: VG . . .
  

   

  

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