HIGHLIGHTS
SUMMARY
The authors recall that Hofmeister phenomena occur also in nonaqueous and aprotic solvents, where hydrogen_bond clusters do not exist, but van der Waals and quadrupolar interactions play a significant role in setting the solvent structure. The terms chaotropic and kosmotropic, frequently used in specific ion effect studies, refer to the supposed capability of an ion or a molecule to modify the "water structure". In fact, according to this hypothesis, when an ion enters a bulk water phase, it first perturbs the hydrogen-bonding network and the structure of water molecules in the liquid state . . .
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