The rise of basque “industrial cowboy” in the west: 1900-1943 ker

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SUMMARY

    Etchart`s history enhances the understanding of the various resilient business practices undertaken by livestock outfits in the West that sought to turn a profit. chase lands, Basque stock operators built up thriving sheep operations. Although some may have worked with a small flock of sheep in the Basque Country, none had worked as open-range sheepherders before they immigrated to the United_States (Douglass 1970, pp. 19-20; Saitua 2016, pp. 65-66). Like many other Basque immigrants and non-Basque sheepmen, Etchart had worked his way up the agricultural ladder from a hired . . .

     

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